"Deployment of energy storage systems (ESSs) is gaining significant momentum due to economic incentives, power system regulation requirements, and integration of renewable energy resources. This dissertation covers three aspects of grid-connected ESSs: benefits, planning, and operation. First, the benefits and use cases of ESSs are reviewed and a comprehensive evaluation method for estimating stacked revenue of ESSs is proposed. The stacked revenue from an ESS cannot be calculated by merely aggregating the benefits from various applications (e.g., energy arbitrage, frequency regulation, and outage mitigation) as the ESS may not be available for all types of applications during the same time interval. A model incorporating component reliability, power system operation constraints, and storage system operation constraints is developed to evaluate the composite revenue generated from the applications. Second, for planning purposes, a model to estimate the capacity value of ESSs is developed and a sensitivity guided approach to ESS siting is proposed. In contrast to conventional generators with the capability to provide energy upon demand, ESSs are energy-limited resources. In addition, it is possible that the availability of an ESS is low when it is needed to provide its capacity to maintain system reliability due to low state of charge. Thus, the work presented here proposes a method to evaluate the actual capacity contribution of ESSs, considering the energy-limited characteristic and the availability uncertainty. Also, it is necessary to determine suitable locations so as to maximize the benefit of ESSs. This dissertation proposes a sensitivity guided approach which aims at finding the optimal location of ESSs to reduce the peak hour generation cost. The last part of this dissertation proposes a model to determine the operation strategy of battery ESSs. This algorithm not only attempts to maximize the financial benefits but also considers the cycling behavior and its impact on the longevity of battery energy storage systems."--Page ii.
Read
